Die for forging eyes on the ends of rods



G. LANZ. Dies for Forging Eyes on the Ends of. Rods.

No. 228,907. P atentedlune 15,1880.

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To all whom't't may concern:

"UNITED STATES PATENT QF TCE.

CHARLES LANZ, on PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DIE FOR FORGING ,EYES

ON THE ENDS OF RODS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,907, dated June 15,1880.

' Application filed December 22, 1879.

Be it known that I, CHARLES 'LANZ, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Dies for Forging Eyes on the Ends of Rods; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, in which Figure l is a view of the rod onwhich the eye is to be formed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectionof the upsetting-dies, showing the upset rod therein in full lines. Fig.3 is a face view of the dies for pressing and punching the eye. Fig. 4is a side view of the finished blank. Fig. 5 is a top view of thefinished eye-half of a hinge ready for use. Figs. 6 and 7 arelongitudinal sections of the dies for pressing and punching the eye.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

My invention relates to dies for the manufacture of eyes on the ends ofwrought-metal rods for different purposes, its principal object bein gthe manufacture of the eye-halves of hookand-eye hinges, in which it isessential that the sides of the perforation be perpendicular to form abearing-surface on the hook for its whole length and prevent thewabbling of the hinge. These eyes have been formed by upsetting the endsof a metal rod and forging the eye on the upset end by means of dies,the form of half the ring or eye being sunk in both the lower and upperdie, and a projection formed in the center of the cavity of each die toforge the perforation half-way through the blank. As these dies couldhave no means of stripping the eye thus forged from the projec tions inthe dies, .the projections were necessarilybeveled to freethemselvesfrom the blank, and thus left a fin in the center of the eye and formedthe sides of the perforation beveled or tapered, the eye thus formedbeing liable to Wabble on the hook, and therefore unsuited for use inhinges.

Eyes with perpendicular perforations have also been formed by forging asolid head on the end of the rod and punching the eye through the head,the metal punched out being thrown aside as waste, causing the loss of alarge amount of metal.

5 The object of my invention is to improve the construction of the diesused for forming these eyes, by means of which the metal of theperforation is pressed into the body of the eye, and asolid neat eye,the inner sides of which are perpendicular and free from fin-ma-rks, isformed.

It consists, first, in combining, with a stationary die in which isformed a flat-based matrix of the same internal shape and depth as theexternal shape and thickness of the eye, a reciprocating plunger havinga fiat base and a perpendicular projection of less length than the depthof the matrix, by means of which plunger the heated metal is spread soas to conform to the shape of the matrix and the eye or perforation ispressed nearly through the blank 5 and, second, in forming the plungerabove referred to of less widththan the matrix, so that the pressedblank will extend on either side of the plunger, and combining therewitha stationary stripper which catches on the protrudin g edges of theblank when the plunger is raised, and strips the blank from theprojection on the plunger.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the drawings herein referred to, A is a heading-die, and B B are theholding-dies, of an upsetting-machine, said dies being operated in thesame manner as is usual in boltlnaking machinery.

O is the rod on which the eye is to be formed. It is a round rod or barof wrought-iron or other suitable metal of the proper size.

The ends of the dies B B near the headingdie are beveled out, as shownat b, and the heading-die A is provided with the concave recess a, inwhich concavity and beveled por- .tions the end of the rod (3 is upset,forming a knob-like head orprojection, c, on the end thereof. After theupsetting of the rod it is taken to my improved pressing-dies D. Thesedies are formed in two parts-the pressing-die or plunger d andstationary die E, in which is formed the matrix 6, the matrix having thesame internal form as the external shape to be imparted to the eye. Thematrix shown is circular in shape, and its sides fare beveled ortapered, so as to permit the blank to free itself therefrom. The base ofthe matrix is flat, to

impart a like flat or even surface to the base of the blank, and arecess, 9, is form ed in front, in which the rod fits when the head issubjected to the operation of the dies. The plunger or pressing-die d isprovided with the circular perpendicular projection i, which is of thesame diameter as the eye to be formed, but of less length, and the undersurface of the plunger is flat to impart a like smooth or flat surfaceto the top of the eye. The plunger moves in suitable guides above thematrix, a reciprocatin g motion being imparted thereto by any suitablemeans, the projection i thereof moving in the same axis as the matrix.The plunger is of less Width than the matrix, which extends out a shortdistance on either side of the plunger. Attached to the base of the dieis the stripper 7c, the arms of which extend on each side of the plungerat a suitable distance above the matrix 6.

After the blank or rod 0 is upset, as before described, the upset heador end 0 is placed in the matrix 6, the rod extending out through therecess 9 of the matrix. The plunger d, in its descent, presses the upsetend down and out, so as to fill the matrix and form a smooth levelsurface on the top of the eye, so far as the under surface of theplunger extends, at the same time forcing the projection t' into themetal and forming the eye nearly through. Any surplus of metal ispressed up on either side of the plunger, as at l 1. As the projection'iis perpendicular, so as to form the eye of the blank perpendicular,the heated metal shrinks on the projection, and When the plunger ascendsthe blank is lifted out of the matrix 0 and carried up with it until theprotruding edges 1 Z, extending beyond the plunger, comein contact witharms of the stripper, which extend on either side of the plunger, andcatch on the edges 1 l, and strip the blank from the projection, therebyfreeing it from the plunger.

The eye of the blank thus formed is punched entirely through by means ofthe punchingdies M, composed of the vertically-reciprocating punch m andthe stationary die 12, through which is formed the cylindrical hole 0,the punch on working through this hole. On the stationary die n is aguide, 1), to direct and retain the blank in proper position forpunching. The punch m works between the arms of the stripper 7*, whichstrips the blank therefrom after it is punched.

The solid eye is formed on the end of the rod in the following manner:The bar or rod is first brought to a proper heat and then fed to theupsetting-dies, the dies B B grasping the rod while the end is upset bythe die A, forming the knob-like head 0 thereon. It is then fed to thepressing-dies D, the head 0 resting in the matrix 0, as shown in Fig. 3,and the rod extending through the recess g. Upon the descent of theplunger the upset end or head 0 is spread or pressed out until it fillsand conforms to the shape of the matrix, and by means of the projectiont the eye is formed part way through, as shown in Fig. 6, any surplus ofmetal I being pressed up on either side of the plunger. Upon the ascentof the plunger the blank thus formed is freed therefrom by the stripperk. Itis then placed on the stationary die n, being retained in properposition by the guide 13, and upon the descent of the reciprocatingpunch m the eye 8 is punched entirely through, the burr in the bottom ofthe blank falling through the hole 0 of the die 12. Upon the ascent ofthe punch the blank is freed therefrom by the stripper a", as abovedescribed. The surplus of metal on the top of the eye may then beremoved in any convenient way, and if the rod is to be formed into aneye-hinge the screw-thread is cut on the rod, as shown in Fig. 5.

By my improved dies I am enabled to form a neat blank having aperpendicular eye or perforation, Without fin-marks formed through thesame, the blank being formed at one heat, and the metal of theperforation being forced into the body of the blank. The blank thusformed is specially suited as the eye-half of a hook-and-eye hinge, asit has a perpendicular perforation and a flat base, the perforation andbase forming perfect bearing-surfaces for the book.

What I' claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The stationary die E, in which are formed the flat-based matrix 0, ofthe same internal shape and depth as the external shape and thickness ofthe eye to be formed, and the recess g, in combination with theflat-based plunger 01, having the perpendicular projection t',substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the stationary die E, having the flat-basedmatrix 0 and recess 9, the flat-based plunger (1, of less width than thematrix, having the perpendicular projection i and the stationarystripper 7c, the arms of which extend on either side of the plunger,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said CHARLES LANZ, have hereunto set myhand.

CHARLES LANZ.

Witnesses:

I. It. HARRISON, JAMES I. KAY.

